Caracterização de frutos e sementes e germinação de Passiflora edulis Sims f. flavicarpa Degener E Passiflora cincinnata Mast

Abstract

The increasing search for natural resources has exacerbated land degradation around the globe, particularly in the Northeast. This is the scenario that is the savanna biome, considered the only biome that is uniquely marked by the Brazilian semi-arid climate. Among the various species found in this biome are the passionfruit. This study aimed to characterize the fruits and seeds of Passiflora edulis Sims. f flavicarpa Degener and Passiflora cincinnata Mast. To evaluate the physiological quality of seeds and investigate the influence of salinity on germination and early growth of seedlings of yellow passion fruit. The experiments were conducted in laboratory LAGER - Germination, UEHF - located in the Experimental Forest Garden UEFS - Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, and the field. We analyzed the length, width, thickness, color, mesocarp thickness, volume of pulp, seed number and Brix (%), than for the food industry is more important character, seen here that although the amount of variability were close to the passion fruit and passion fruit-to-kill, 16.5% and 14.3%, respectively. For the seeds we are working with the chlorination, the length, width, thickness and water content. During this work and the works of several authors it was established that the seeds of passion fruit have no trouble germinating, while seeds of passion fruit-woods are burgeoning problems have put up with high viability, a fact is proved by test terazólio. As regards the evaluation of the influence of imbibition in different salt solutions on germination and early growth of yellow passion they suffered soaking in different solutions of NaCl (0, 1, 2, 3.2, 4.4, 5.4, 6.6, 8.0 , 9.0 and 10.2 gL-1) for a period of 72 hours and then washed and sown in trays that were placed in a greenhouse nursery type in the Experimental Forest Garden UEFS. The electrical conductivity of the solutions was measured before and after soaking the seeds. After this period initial assessments were calculated rate of emergence (E%), TM - Average; Vm - Average speed; IVE - Index of emergency speed, percentage of normal and abnormal seedlings. The length and dry weight of shoot and root system were obtained after 60 days of sowing. Regardless of the concentration of saline solution used in the seeds of passion, after 72 hours of soaking, it was found the change in electrical conductivity of the solutions, however there was no negative influence on the final percentage of emergence, ranging between 84% and 97%, and normality of seedlings. It was found that the leaf number and shoot length were influenced by soaking seeds in different salt solutions, but a larger increase of the dry mass of roots appears to have been stimulated by salinity levels of up to 4.4 gL-1, as that the ratio of dry root-shoot proved to be lower when compared with the control plants and the other concentrations.