ELiHS, um projeto para além do litoral: da constituição de corpus oral de comunidades afro-brasileiras à análise estatística da variação na concordância nominal de número na variedade da comunidade afro-brasileira de Volta do Angico (Ba)

Abstract

This thesis is focused on the study of the Brazilian Portuguese, especially on the popular Portuguese, seen here under a sociohistorical perspective (Mattos e Silva, 2008), beholding, overall, the changes caused by linguistic interaction. Knowing that the understanding of the linguistic and social reality of bahian interior, as well as it’s historical formation, constitutes an extensive field of studies yet to be, rightly, investigated by studious, we aim, in this thesis’s scope, to implement the Project Linguistic and Historical Study of the Backlands (LHSB - ELiHS in portuguese: Estudo Linguístico e Histórico do Sertão) at the Bahia State University (UNEB), Campus XVI – Irecê, to compose and provide, on free online platforms, oral corpus representative of the popular portuguese in the afro-brazilian communities, located in the Territory of Irecê’s Identity, bahian interior, favoring the construction of the empirical fundmentation for varieties of portuguese still not cataloged in the field of Sociolinguistic and collaborating into the confirmation of the hypothesis that the afro-brazilian portuguese is a variable particularly affected by the interaction among languages, in its historical formation (Luchessi, 2009). Under the attempt to conciliate the aspects of sociohistorical nature with the ones of linguistic nature, this thesis still aims to undertake a linguistic study of the collected material, with emphasis on morphosyntactic aspects of the afro-brazilian portuguese, especially the number’s nominal agreement, in the expectation that the results endorse scientific researches, in special the ones with Sociolinguistic approach, that exemplify a view “beyond the litoral”, prioritizing, as possible as it is, the discussion about the formation of the sociolinguistic brazilian reality. Regarding this last objective, the afro-brazilian portuguese was described in the also afro-brazilian community Volta do Angico, trying to understand the process of Irregular Transmission of Language (Transmissão Linguística Irregular), through the control of linguistics and sociocultural variables of 12 (twelve) research participants, comparing the results with the data from Andrade (2003) for the afro-brazilian community in Helvécia. The analyzed sample was constituted by 1253 datas of nominal syntagmas pluralized, analyzed under the Theory of Language Variation and Change (Weinreich; Labov; Herzog, 2006; Labov, 2008) and subjected to the statistical modeling of logistic regression with binary answer, the coding language so-called R (R CORE TEAM, 2020), by means of one of its interfaces, the RStudio (EQUIPE RSTUDIO, 2020), that quantitatively reported the choice’s conditionals of the standard plural variable in the flexible elements of nominal syntagma. The results show that, in the sample, there is a significative tendency to the non canonic use of the plural indication of SNs, an approximate statistical result to the data presented by Andrade (2003) for Helvécia (89,55% to Volta do Angico and 91% to Helvécia), allowing us to affirm that, although the tendency of the brazilian portuguese is an explícit demarcation of the numerical aspect in the elements that compose the NS, there are still linguistic communities, such as the afro-brazilian communities Volta do Angico and Helvécia, Bahia, that do not conserve the current prototypical variable, of explicit marks, reaffirming Lucchesi (2009)’s standing about the idea of lost in the flexional morphology for the BP popular being an indicator of the influence from linguistic interaction. The results and products reached at the finalization of this thesis present potential to impact, to the extent that will collaborate into the interiorization of linguistic description, bringing visibility to the communities that are “beyond the litoral”, that live and resist at the Territory of Irecê’s Identity, making them present on the map of brazilian sociolinguistic.