Análise da atividade antibacteriana do extrato etanólico de Spondias tuberosa Arruda e das nanopartículas de prata sintetizadas por rota verde contra bactérias patogênicas

Abstract

Antimicrobial resistance and the consequent inefficiency of antibiotics are the main problems facing medicine. Given this, numerous researches have been focused on the search for new agents with antibacterial activity, such as natural extracts, due to the presence of a series of polar and non-polar phenolic substances with antioxidant and antimicrobial action. The compounds present in the leaves of Spondias tuberosa Arruda are factors that influence the antibacterial activity of the extracts formed and the stabilization and reduction of metallic precursors for the synthesis of metallic nanoparticles (MNPs). Thus, this study aims to evaluate the antibacterial action of the ethanolic extract of Spondias tuberosa leaves and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) produced by the green route, evaluating the potential in action of switching antibiotics. To evaluate the samples, sensitivity tests were carried out in microdilution against the bacteria Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella sp., in addition to AgNP characterization and cytotoxicity of the samples. In the microdilution technique, a greater sensitivity of the B. Cereus strain was found to samples at a concentration of 2.60 mg/mL for the aqueous extract, 60 µg/mL for AgNPs, while the other strains had lower sensitivity. In the characterization, the AgNPs were found to have an average size of 41.81 nm, with absorbance of the colloidal solution in UV-Visible at 412 nm. Furthermore, both products, extract and AgNPs, demonstrated low toxicity at their highest concentrations. Given the results obtained, it can be concluded that the ethanolic extract of S. tuberosa and the AgNPs presented positive antibacterial activity against multi-resistant bacteria, however future studies are necessary to discover the mechanism of action of such activity.