Modelagem e desenvolvimento de uma arquitetura para reconfiguração de unidades de detecção de emergências em cidades inteligentes

Abstract

Emergency detection systems based on sensors play a crucial role in the early identification of critical situations and the activation of appropriate responses, preventing potential disasters. When these systems are built in smart cities, the wide coverage, heterogeneity, and dynamic nature of monitored environments may require the reconfiguration of sensor units to meet new requirements, enabling more effective decisions aligned with the monitoring context. In this context, this dissertation proposes to model and develop an architecture capable of allowing the reconfiguration of sensor-based emergency detection units securely, through remote requests via a wireless communication infrastructure. This enables the inclusion of new monitoring requirements at runtime, ensuring more agile and effective responses in emergency situations. The architecture is described by static and dynamic models that clearly and concisely map the communication structure and the associated hardware and software elements. Additionally, algorithms have been developed to effectively and efficiently describe the process of aggregating new monitoring requirements to emergency detection units. Security procedures and authentication mechanisms have been incorporated into the architecture to promote the integrity and continuous performance of components in the face of cyber threats inherent to IoT and communication systems. It is expected that this work will significantly contribute to the development of emergency detection systems and critical event management in smart cities, considering the dynamics and heterogeneity of urban environments, and providing proactive mechanisms for decision-making.