Análise sobre os aspectos que interferem no acesso à vacinação em Camaçari

Abstract

In Brazil, universal access to health services, at all levels of care, is one of the organizational and doctrinal principles of the Unified Health System (SUS), and immunization is one of these actions within the Family Health Strategy (ESF) work process. Vaccination is considered a strategic prevention activity with collective reach, aiming to prevent vaccine-preventable diseases in children, adults, and the elderly. However, the high coverage rates, which have always been a hallmark of the program, have been declining in recent years, alerting experts and professionals in the field to the reduction in the number of people vaccinated and, consequently, the reemergence of diseases that were considered eradicated. The general objective of this study was to analyze access to vaccination in the municipality of Camaçari, Bahia. The specific objectives were to describe the main aspects that influence access to vaccination from the perspective of managers, health workers, and users in the municipality of Camaçari, Bahia, and to characterize access based on the economic, organizational, technical, and symbolic dimensions proposed by Assis and Jesus. This is an exploratory analytical study with a qualitative approach, set in the municipality of Camaçari, Bahia.The proposed data collection technique was a semi-structured interview. Minayo's content analysis was used for data analysis. Participants' statements described the main aspects that influence access to vaccination, based on their differing perspectives. As a result, we propose an introductory course in the vaccination room to train and update vaccination professionals in the municipality.