Perfil clínico-epidemiológico dos portadores de fissuras orofaciais em residentes do estado da Bahia: um estudo descritivo

Abstract

PURPOSE: Describe the clinical and epidemiological profile of patients with congenital orofacial clefts, residents in the state of Bahia, seen at Anomalies Rehabilitation Center Craniofacial Hospital Santo Antonio in the 2008-2013 period. METHOD: This is an observational and descriptive epidemiological study. The study included patients with orofacial clefts, nonsyndromic, of both sexes and without limitation of age. A simple random sample consisted of 319 records. Information was obtained on sociodemographic profile of the carrier and mother, medication use during pregnancy, clinical and surgical aspects cracks, family history of malformations and consanguinity of the parents. Data were analyzed descriptively using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 17.0 on you, where frequency measurements were obtained, mean and standard deviation. RESULTS: It was observed that 51.1% of patients with orofacial clefts were female, 46.2% were in the age group of one year and 54.4% were from the urban area. Most mothers was in the age group between 16 to 25 years during pregnancy and reported medication use in 59.2% of cases, especially vitamins and antibiotic. The cleft transforamen was the most diagnosed (34.4%). At the time of the service registration, it was observed that 90.5% of the subjects had not yet performed the surgical treatment. Family history of cleft was observed in 29.8% of cases and only 7.1% of cases were reported consanguinity between parents. CONCLUSIONS: A slight prevalence of oral clefts was observed in females, less than a year and living in an urban area. Mothers found themselves outside the age range considered risk during pregnancy and were using medication as vitamins and antibiotics that stage. Greater proportion of patients had cleft incisive trans type and have not undergone previous surgical treatment. Family history of orofacial clefts and relations of consanguinity in some of the cases studied was found.