Inovação e autonomia: os estudantes de aprendizagem baseada em problemas e suas estratégias

Abstract

The presented text comprises a master's research that is been realized on the Programa de Pós-Graduação Mestrado em Educação of Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana (UEFS) and it aims comprehend, through identification of learning strategies if Problem Based Learning(PBL) model applied in the course of Computing Engineering in the UEFS contributes to the development of autonomy of its students. The theoretical background and some authors that support this study is: 1. The culture, identity and the postmodernity (HALL, 2000; BAUMAN, 2012; DUBAR, 2006; VEIGA-NETO, 2003)); 2. The culture of the learning (POZO, 2006; 2009); 3. Inovation (MASETTO, 2012; LUCARELLI, 2007; 2009; CUNHA, 2009); 4. Problems Based Learning (ARAÚJO, 2009; BERBEL, 2011; ANGELO et al., 2014); 5. Autonomy (RUÉ, 2007); 6. Learning Estrategies (MONEREO, 2001; BORUCHOVITCH, 2006). To reach the possible answers, we realize a mixed research, using a sequential explanatory strategy (CRESWELL, 2010), wherein the influence of research reveals to be bigger in application of a quantitative instrument in which, later, receive support to construction of the datas of a qualitative instrument. In this way, we applied the Escala de Avaliação de Estratégias de Aprendizagem em Universitários (EEA-U) - Evaluation Scale of Learning Strategies in Universitary Students -, from Santos e Boruchovitch (2015), and following we developer a Grupo de Discussão Operativo (GDO) – Operational Discussion Group -, based on researches from Silva e Almeida (2015). As subject, 137 students took part on first phase, the EEA-U, on the second phase, the GDO, we have paticipation of 8 students. The data analisys was made starting from categories suggested by the EEA-U instrument, associated with the reports obtained in the GDO. The students reports to have difficulties to adapt therselfs in university envoironment and have been change the way of studing because of PBL. We realize too that they use superficials learning strategies (possibly acquired since basic education), that can’t organize ther studing time, and that they distract easily during their studing. We identified that the autonomy had a low development along the years, so that there’s no significant difference on use of learning strategies in different semesters. The women ponctuation was higher than the men ponctuation on the three autoregulation factores of the scale, but other investigation need be realized to confirm that. On GDO, the students also report the problems that they experience with the PBL format. This research aims to collaborate with studies about university students and how we can promote their learning in that environment, as well in the improvements and incentives of the active methodologies on the researched university and, finally, on increasing of the related researches about the theme in our region.