Processo de trabalho e suas repercussões na vida e saúde de trabalhadores de hospitais públicos sob gestão direta do estado da Bahia

Abstract

In the health work process there is a meeting between the agent and the object in a well defined space, in which the health worker, with his tools, seeks the realization of a product, which is health care itself. Considering that health is essential for both the user and the health workers, this study aimed to analyze the work process in public hospitals under direct management of the state of Bahia, as well as to identify the repercussions of work in life And health of the workers, besides knowing the strategies developed to avoid suffering and illness. Qualitative approach study. The population investigated included 15 health workers from two public hospitals under direct management in Bahia. The semi-structured interview and the systematic observation were used to collect the data, which were analyzed through content analysis. The results revealed a work process composed of subjects, most of them women, ranging in age from 31 to 58 years old, predominantly workers with a longer hospital and bankruptcy. The lines evidenced that the purpose of health work in the hospital is ambiguous, permeating the guarantee of financial stability of the worker and providing a quality assistance to the user. The object was identified as individual, collective, grievance, illness and even instrument or cause of the grievance. The most commonly used media and instruments were light-hard and hard technologies. Some materials were small or not of good quality, presenting technical failures. The factors that hindered the positive outcome of the work were related to the great demand of patients, together with an inadequate physical structure. The interviewees drew attention to the need for more participatory management in public hospitals, involving health professionals in decisions, to facilitate the work process. Satisfaction with work was conditioned by recognition, praise from colleagues and professional appreciation, while dissatisfaction was linked to the exposure and insecurity present in the workplace and to devaluation. On the other hand, being remembered for the care offered and being a public servant were highlighted as generators of pleasure. The suffering experienced at work was associated, in general, with the difficulty of referring the user to other sectors of the hospital and to other services of the health care network. As for the forms of illness, the workers mentioned: hypertension, influenza, urinary infection, pains in the spine, in the legs, among others. To address these issues, workers relied on physical activity, religion, music, and even flight from work. In view of the above, the need for a restructuring of hospital services is evident, through the improvement of socio-professional relations, a policy of valorisation of workers and, above all, of interventions aimed at improving and facilitating the work process.