Evolução estelar no ensino de Ciências

Abstract

In this dissertation we present as proposal the teaching of Star Evolution in the discipline sciences for students of the 9th year of elementary school. From this series, students have their first contact with study of the atomic structure, periodic table, chemical reactions, among other topics of physics and chemistry. Using Stellar Evolution, in an interdisciplinary way, we were able to discuss these obligatory contents and, in addition, we present new knowledge such as: the synthesis of chemical elements, nuclear reactions and other topics of Astronomy and Astrophysics. This approach allows students to gain access to modern physics content guided by NCPs, which in turn has been neglected in school curricula. Based on Chevallard's Didactic Transposition Theory, we analyze the aspects that make it possible to adapt the Wise Knowledge, Star Evolution, to the reality of basic education. To do so, we did initially a quantitative survey in textbooks, evaluating how the knowledge related to Astronomy has been presented. The second step was to perform a pre-test to evaluate students' prior knowledge, and then compare them with a post-test. The transposition of these contents indicated that the Star Evolution in conjunction with the science discipline makes learning more playful and meaningful, being a perfectly feasible proposal, as well as showing the results. In addition, we constructed a didactic game, an educational product that can be used as a tool that helps students learn the evolutionary processes of the stars.