Modos de cuidar da pessoa com transtorno mental no cotidiano de famílias quilombolas

Abstract

Mental illness involves the existence of intense psychic suffering, affecting the life history, the family and interpersonal relationships. Mental health care should involve different social actors, being the family fundamental for the individual's social insertion and mental health actions. Quilombola families live with precarious living conditions and health, most are unprotected from health, social and economic policies. Thus, lack of access to means of protection and prevention enhances their vulnerability to health problems and is associated with the emergence of mental disorders. The general objective of this study was to analyze the process of caring for the person with mental disorder in quilombola families, and the specific ones were: to identify the ways of caring for the person with mental disorder in the daily life of quilombola families; understand the social interactions of people, contexts and ways of caring for the person with mental disorder in quilombola families; describe the social support network of families to care for the person with mental disorder. It is a case study with a qualitative approach having as instruments of data collection the narrative interview, the participant observation and the field diary. Ecomapas were built in order to understand family dynamics and their support networks. The basis of this study was the Bioecological Model of Human Development approach. We selected three families that care for people with mental disorders living in the Quilombola Community of Lage dos Negros. The data were analyzed from the perspective of the Bioecological Theory of Human Development. The modes of care and therapeutic itineraries were expressed through the search for diagnosis and cure, with the pilgrimage by institutions and informal spaces of care, and after a few years of the history of suffering, the restriction to CAPS and / or psychiatric hospital as spaces of care. Care with food, hygiene, wakefulness and protection, medication, the use of popular and religious practices and the social support network interact to potentiate care strategies. It is hoped that the results found may support advances in the field of mental health, specifically in the integral health of the black population, aiming at improving the quality of life of the remaining quilombo groups. Final products: strengthening the bond between the families of the quilombola community and the CAPS team, envisaging a matrix support network between the reference center and the basic health care of the municipality