Prevalência e fatores associados aos distúrbios psíquicos menores em profissionais da Estratégia Saúde da Família

Abstract

Family Health Strategy professionals are exposed to stressful situations and to different risk factors in their work activities, which can cause damage to their physical and mental health and, therefore, negatively affect the results of the work and the quality of care provided. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence and factors associated with Minor Psychiatric Disorders in physicians, nurses and dentists of the Family Health Strategy, in Feira de Santana, Bahia. This is a cross-sectional, population-based epidemiological study, developed in all Health Units of the Family of Feira de Santana, Bahia. A self-administered and standardized questionnaire was used to evaluate sociodemographic data, occupational characteristics, psychosocial aspects of the work, through the Job Content Questionnaire and the Minor Psychic Disorders, through the Self Reporting Questionnaire. The overall prevalence was 22,0%, among dentists, it was 24,2%; among nurses, it was 22,5%; and among physicians, it was 19,6%. It was observed an association between Minor Psychic Disorders and female gender, age less than or equal to 38 years, overload of domestic activities, do not engage in leisure activities, not doing physical activity, employment relationship by cooperative, have another employment relationship, high psychological demand, low control over work, low social support and high-strain job. The high-strain job remained associated with the prevalence of Minor Psychiatric Disorders in the final model, after analysis of multivariate logistic regression, indicating that the psychosocial dimensions of work assume a relevant role in the occurrence of psychological suffering among the workers studied. It was verified the vulnerability of the workers of the Primary Attention to the Health to the psychological suffering, indicating the need to develop actions to promote and protect health, as well as, interventions aimed at this occupational group. It was also alerted to the need for improvements in the conditions and form of work organization, in order to minimize sources of suffering, seeking the transformation of this work context in health, in order to build a work environment favorable to worker health.