Tabagismo durante a gestação: fatores associados, peso ao nascer e peso na infância

Abstract

Objective is to evaluate the association between smoking during pregnancy, associated factors, birth weight and weight in childhood in a city of the recave of Bahia.An epidemiological study, of the cohort type, was carried out in the municipality of Bahia de Santo Antônio de Jesus, and an integrative review. The data used are part of the cohort "maternal risk factors for low birth weight, prematurity and restriction of intrauterine growth in the concave of Bahia". The collection of primary data comprised two moments: application of a standardized questionnaire in pregnant women registered in the health units of the family on the occasion of prenatal consultation, in the period from 2012 to 2015, to study the associated factors, and to fill in a form in the epidemiological surveillance of the same municipality with the objective of obtaining data pertaining to childbirth and the newborn, to test the possible association between smoking and weight at birth.For the analysis of the data, the Software Stata ™ version 12 was used. For integrative Review were selected articles of the following databases: SciELO, PubMed, LiLACS, BVS and Google Scholar, for the purpose of explaining the possible association between smoking and the excess weight in childhood. The results are organisedin: article 1 – "Prevalence and factors associated with gestational maternal smoking";article 2 – "Maternal smoking and birth weight: Hierarchical conceptual Model"; article 3 – "Maternal smoking in pregnancy associated with overweight in childhood: integrative revision".Maternal smoking during pregnancy is a risk factor for the occurrence of a number of health problems in the child, with damage that manifests in the short, medium and long term.In the epidemiological scenario, maternal smoking during pregnancy is associated with insufficient weight and low weight at birth and subsequently to excess weight in childhood.We recommend to the health professionals involved in the prenatal consultation, to know the factors associated with maternal smoking, as well as the consequences of such a habit in the health of the child. We hope with this work to subsidize the planning and implementation of maternal-child health-promoting actions